Reproductive characteristics of the anemone fishes Amphiprion ocellaris and A. Perideraion from eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia
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Abstract
In order to understand the reproductive ecology of the anemone fishes, Amphiprion ocellaris and A. perideraion, the maturation variables gonadosomatic index (GSI) and fecundity were examined throughout the year on the eastern coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Fecundity of A. ocellaris and A. perideraion ranged from 67 to 1889 and from 120 to 2653, respectively. The monthly GSI fluctuated in both species. The highest GSI values were found in April for both species suggesting that their spawning season peak occurred in this month. The fecundity was lower compared to the other coral reef fish species, which produce tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands eggs. Anemone fishes practice parental care, which might favor lower numbers of eggs compared to other coral reef fishes, which do not provide care and spawn pelagic eggs. This might emphasize the importance of social structure and pairing in regulating gonad maturation and mating success. Anemone fishes are in high demand for marine aquarists and they have become increasingly popular targets for collection. Our findings will be useful for biologists and resources managements in formulating effective strategies for the conservation and aquaculture of these fishes.
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